Q.1
Trendelenburg sign is due to paralysis of -
A. Gluteus medius
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Piriformis
D. Obturator externus
Explanation :
Trendelenburg sign is positive when there is paralysis of hip abductors.
Abductors- Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus.
Accessory hip abductors- Tensor fascia lata, Sartorius
Superior gluteal nerve supplies the hip abductors.
Q.5
True regarding knee movements are all except
A. Posterior horn of menisci move more than anterior
B. Flexion is coupled with lateral rotation
C. Differential motion in lateral & medial compartments
D. Cruciate ligaments are taut in full extension & full flexion
Explanation :
During last stages of extension, femur rotates medially on tibia due to quadriceps femoris to lock the knee joint. Femur rotates laterally on tibia during flexion.
In lateral and medial tibio femoral compartments there is a differential motion, where lateral compartment shows a higher relative motion than the medial. The anterior horns move more than the posterior.
Q.6
Physiological unlocking is caused by -
A. Rectus femoris
B. Semimembranosus
C. Popliteus
D. Sartorius
Explanation :
During last stages of extension, femur rotates medially on tibia due to quadriceps femoris to lock the knee joint. Femur rotates laterally on tibia during flexion.
Quadriceps femoris- Vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris. Unlocking occurs with popliteus.
Q.9
Eversion occurs at the following joints -
A. Tibiotalar
B. Inferior tibiofibular
C. Subtalar
D. Ankle
Explanation :
Joints taking part in inversion and eversion of foot.
Principal joints- Subtalar, talocalcaneonavicular
Accessory joints- calcaneocuboid, talonavicular
Q.14
Gluteus maximus is inserted on -
A. iliotibial tract
B. Spiral line
C. Greater trochanter
D. Lesser trochanter
Explanation :
Gluteus maximus
- Origin
- Iliac crest
- Posterior gluteal line of ileum and area behind and above it
- Sacrum
- Coccyx
- Sacrotuberous ligament
- Insertion
- Gluteal tuberosity
- Iliotibial tract
Q.16
Adductor canal contains all except -
A. Femoral vein
B. Femoral artery
C. Femoral nerve
D. Saphenous nerve
Explanation :
On the medial aspect of middle third of thigh, there is an intermuscular cleft known as adductor canal, which lies beneath the Sartorius muscle. This contains
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein
- Nerve to vastus medialis
- Posterior division of obturator nerve (Occasional)
- Descending genicular artery
- Saphenous nerve
Q.17
The condyles of tibia provide attachment to -
A. Tibial collateral ligament
B. Fibular collateral ligament
C. Ligamentum patellae
D. Popliteus muscle
Explanation :
Fibular collateral ligament- Head of fibula
Tibial collateral ligament- Medial condyle of tibia
Ligamentum patellae- Upper smooth part of tibial tuberosity
Popliteus muscle- Posterior surface of tibia in the triangular area above the soleal line.
Q.18
Muscle attached to navicular tuberosity is
A. Peroneous longus
B. Tibialis anterior
C. Tibialis posterior
D. Extensor hallucis longus
Explanation :
Navicular bone
Medial surface has a blunt and prominent tuberosity directed downwards.
The tuberosity is separated from the plantar surface by a groove.
Tuberosity receives the insertion of Tibialis posterior.
The groove below the tuberosity transmits a part of the tendon of this muscle to another bones.
Q.19
Which bony landmark of the femur serves as a site for muscle attachments?
A. fovea capitis
B. medial condyle
C. head
D. lesser trochanter
Explanation :
The lesser trochanter is a small protuberance of bone that projects from the posterior aspect of the femur, inferomedially at the base of the femoral neck. Two muscles insert onto thelesser trochanter: Psoas major. Iliacus.
Q.20
What structure contributes to the knee joint?
A. medial condyle of the tibia
B. lateral epicondyle of the femur
C. tibial tuberosity
D. lateral malleolus of the fibula
Explanation :
The upper surface of the right tibia. (Anterior is at the top.) The medial condyle is the medial portion of the upper extremity of the tibia. It is the site of insertion for the Semimembranosus muscle.
