1. Different ways in which communicable disease can be transmitted - 

- direct transmission - contact transmission.

-indirect transmission - vehicle borne, vector borne , Airborne, transplacental

2. Period of communicability- it refers to the time during which an infectious agent may be transferred directly or indirectly from an infected person to a susceptible person. This period is usually equal to the maximum known incubation period for that disease.

3. Contact transmission- when disease is spread by direct contact with an infected person. This may be by kissing touching biting or sexual intercourse. Examples includes ringworm ,scabies extra.

4. Zoonosis - infectious disease transmitted under natural condition from vertebrate animal to Man is called as zoonosis. examples includes Anthrax, liver fluke , taenia solium ,taenia saginata ,bovine tb,  brucellosis, scabies ,plague ,typhus, yellow fever, etc.

5. Passive immunization - it refers to the injection of specific protective antibodies to provide immediate protection to an individual. Transplacental transfer is also an example of passive immunization.

6. Active immunization- In this live or killed vaccine is injected and the body react by produces antibodies which make the individual immune and protect against Attack by infectious agents. active immunity can also be acquired by suffering from disease like measles chickenpox etc. It is long lasting and more effective in preventing future disease.

7. Chicken pox - the incubation period is 7-21 days and commonly it is 14-15 days.

it affects people of all ages but most commonly children below 10 years are affected as they do not have the protective antibodies . It is most commonly spread due to respiratory secretion from infected persons. Crust of chickenpox are not infective.

8. Measles - the incubation period of measles ranges from 8-16 days with an average incubation period of 10 days.

Common life threatning complications of measles are as follows

- bronchopneumonia

- diarrhoea

- encephalitis

Visions is most infectious 4 days before to 5 days after the Rash appears.

9. German measles also known as rubella - 

German visa fees ravela and is a mild eruptive fevers like measles. It is caused by rubella virus.

10. Complications of rubella during pregnancy -

- congenital defects like  microcephaly ,microphthalmia ,patent ductus arteriosus ,septal defects ,and other malformations which are called the congenital rubella syndrome  the frequency of congenital defects is 20 to 25% if infection occurs in first trimester.

11. MMR vaccine - MMR vaccine is measles mumps and rubella vaccine which is a live attenuated vaccine and is administered as a single intramuscular dose after 1 year of age. caution should be used if mealesm vaccine has been administered to a child at 9 months then MMR should be given at 15 months of age.

12. Disease caused by rodents - 

-plague

- murine typhus

- Salmonella, Weil's disease, rat bite fever, etc.

13. Difference between culex and Anopheles Mosquito 

14. Common diseases transmitted by mosquitoes in India

- Malaria filarial 

-Japanese encephalitis 

-West Nile fever 

-Malayan filariasis 

-Chikungunya fever 

-dengue 

-yellow fever 

-dengue hemorrhagic fever 

-Chikungunya fever (ades)

15 . Presumptive treatment - it refers to treating every case of fever presuming it to be malaria and therefore it is called preventive treatment. It consist of 600 mg of chlorine given to a febrile person without waiting for the report of the blood smear

16. Fever treatment depots -these are the health facilities where personal collect the blood smear and provide presumptive treatment to the febrile individual. If the smear is positive the health personal go back and provide radical RX.

17. Impregnated nets - these nets are used for controlling malaria and are plastic nets which are impregnated with synthetic insectiside.

18. List of plasmodium species causing malaria in India

- Plasmodium vivax , plasmodium falciparum , plasmodium malaria.

19. Spleen rate in malaria -